Fruit peeling machine



May 3 1932. H. GORANSN ET A. 1,861,084

FRUIT FEELING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25, 1928 7 Sheets-Sheet l z a v A!Jrmrrm'fv/o a 011m- 1 By W a A TTORNE YS H. GORANSON ET AL 1,861,084

FRUIT FEELING MACHINE May 31, 1932.

Filed Aug. 25, 1928 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 y 1932- H. GORANSON ET AL FRUITFEELING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25, 1928 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 A TTORNEYS May3l,1932.

H. GoRANsoN ET AL FRUIT FEELING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25, 1928 7Sheets-Sheet 4 May 31, 1932.

H. GORANSON ET AL FRUIT FEELING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25, 1928 7Sheets-Sheet 5 y 1932- H. GORANSON ET AL 1,361,084

FRUIT FEELING MACHINE Filed Aug. 25,1928 7 Sheets-Sheet e VI/A22 May 31,1932.

Filed Aug. 25, 71928 H. GORANSON ET AL FRUIT FEELING MACHINE '7 sheetssheet 7 g ifiwg I ATTORNEYS .aochines of this type.-

Patented 'May 31, 1932 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE) m'nmn eomson Annnavm eomson, or SAN OSE, canrormm, 'AssrcNons 'ro cauromvm racxmecoarona'non, or am rmcrsco, camronum; A con- PORATION F NE'W YORKApplication filed August 25,

This invention relates to a machine for. eeling fruit or, vegetables.While many ,7 1 eatures of theinvention can be applied in machines forpeeling fruit of an'y shape, the invention is particularly; applicableinthe construction of a'machine for peeling fruit offelongated sha e,suchfas pears; I Thegeneral o ject of the invention is to provide amachine of this kind which will d'operate automatically to efiect thepeeling of the fruit, and which will operate sucha Way'as to efiectthe'peeling-ofthe end of the .fruit, that is to say, in peeling apear,.the' machine will comp etely. peel the flower end 0f the pear.

'One of the object's of the invention is to provide automatic "meansforcoring the fruit alsoltQ provide improved means"ior rnorr rnnnme 928;Serial No. 302,042.

for v mechanism for the parts illustrated in 'Figm5 is a verticalsection taken about on the line 5' 5 of Figure 3, and further centeringand guiding the fruit as it passes inism, certain parts bein brokenaway.

aothrough or past the peelingmechanism.

, Another object of the invention is to produce a coring tool of simpleconstruction,- which is so 'constructedithat it expands automaticallwhen'its end has penetratcdto the center 0; the fruit, so as to efiectthe coring of the fruit by removing as little as possible of the body ofthe fruit. v

. .A. further 7 object of the invention is to im rove the generalconstruction of ma I A further object is tooprovide simple means forcutting off the end of thefi'uit preparatory to placing it in themachine to be automaticallty peeled;

Further obj ts'of our pear hereinafter.

The inventi' 11 consists in the novel parts and combinationof arts to bedescribed hereinafter, all of whlch contributejto produce an eflicientfruitpeeling'machine.

,A preferredembodiment of the invention: is described in the followingspecification, while the broad scope of the invention is pointed out inthe a nded claims. 1

a, In the drawings, lgure lis a view showing one-half of the machine inside elevation, and the other half in vertical section, certain partsbeing'broken away. a Figure 2, is-a horizontal section through themachine, taken about on the 1 .1 22

85 invention apillustrating details of th; controlling mecha- Figure 6is a plan o one of'the peeling units or peeling mechanism upon anenlailged vscale, certain parts being broken ayyay; this view alsoindicates the'driving means and the controlling mechanism for thepeelingknives.

"Figur 7 is a vertical section through the guidingand holding means forthe fruit,

certain parts bein broken away.

"Figure 8 is a si e elevation and is a fragmentary view showing aportion of the controlling mechanism for the peeling knife. v Figure9 isa vertical section taken about on the'line 9-9 of- Figure 7, certainparts being broken away, and further illustrating details of themechanism'shown in Figure -7.

In this view details of the face of the guide plate are omitted.

Figure 10 is a verticalsection taken on the axis of the coring stem andshowing, the mounting for the same, including the car.-

riage that supports the stem; this view also shows a portionof the frameand a clutch mechanism for rotating the coring tool, and I the means-for expanding the same.

Figure 11 is a cross section taken on the 'line 1 1.'-11 of Figure'i),but upon 'a greatly enlarged scale.

Y Fi e 12' is a view similar to Figure 10,

but owing anotherembodiment of the coringtool. I I

Figure 13 is a horizontal section taken about on the'line l3-13 of Fiure 12, and

- further illustrating this embodiment .of the which, in the presentinstance, are four in,

,with a plurality of peeling present instance, there are four of theseunits,

coring tool.

Figure 14 is a side elevation in partial section of the coring tool,showing the same as viewed in a plane substantially at right angles tothe planein which F igure'12 is taken. a

Figure 15 is .a side elevation showing the lower end of the corin'tool,-the upper portion of the coring'tool eing broken away.

Figure 16 is a vertical section taken through the guide plate whichconstitutes a feature of the guiding and holding means for holding thefruit when it is being cored. In this view the lower is broken awaFigure 17 1s a horizontal section taken about on the line 1717 of Figure16, and further illustrating detailsof the construction of the guideplate shown in Figure 16.

Figure 18 is a developed side elevation of the main'cam of the machinethatxcontrols the movements of the carriages that carry the pusher thatadvances the fruit ast the peeling mechanism, and which, in t e presentembodiment of the invention, also controls the advance of the coringtool with relation to the fruit.

Figure 19 is a longitudinal section of another cam, developed. This camcontrols the outer end of said shaft being provided the operation of thepeelirf knives.

Figure 20 is a section ta en about on the line 2020 of Figure 2, andparticularly illustrating details of means provided for cutting off oneend of the fruit preparatory to introducing it into the machine.

Before proceeding to a detailed description of the machine, it shouldbestated'that this machine is *of the general construction of themachine disclosed in our former application Serial No. 170,126.

Referring more articularly to the parts, and especially to igure 1, 1represents the frame of the machine which frame carries a verticalcentral shaft 2, that passes up. through a lower rotary table'3 and anupper rotary table 4, the. up er table being connected with the lower tale by vertical posts 4 number (see Figure 3). In-the operation of themachine, these tables 3 and 4 rotate inunison, and they support thepeeling and coring mechanism which is automatically controlled as thetables rotate to effect the peeling and coring of the fruit. v

The machine is preferably constructed units. In the each of whichincludes a rotary turntable or carriage 5 (see Figures land Each peelingrotar carriage 5 is rotatably mounted on' a fixe tubular arbor or sleeve6, which is rigidly mounted in the lower table 3' (see portion of theplate w 15 carried on a shaft 16, whic a o rigidly n knife Figure 1) andon the upper face of each rotary carriage 5 the peelin utters or knives7 are supported. These inives are preferably cone shaped,presentingannular cutting'edges 8, which engage the fruit, and eachknife 7 is carried on a driven shaft 9, which is mounted in a movableknife arm 10, Each of these knife arms is mounted to swing on a verticalpivot bolt 11 supported on a bracket 12. This bracket carries a gearwheel 13 that meshes with the gear wheel 14 on the outer end of theshaft 9, the construction being such that the 14 maintain themselves inme while permitting a limited swinging movement of the cutter arms 10 ontheir plvots 11.

The gear wheel 13is dr1ven b a car wheel carries a beveled gear 17,through which the gears 15 and 13 are driven when the carriage rotates.The carriage 5 isformed at its edge with gear teeth 18, so that itvirtually constitutes a gear wheel. These gear teeth mesh with a centraldriving gear 19 (see Figure 1), which is rigidly carried on the centralshaft 2.

Referring again to the cutter arms 10, and particularly to Figure 6,each of these arms is pulled inwardly toward the fruit by means of acoiled s ring 20, which holds the arm against an a justablestop 21,carried on an arm 22, which projects up from a shaft 23,

with an arm 24, the function of'which is to F control the position ofthestop 21 to regulate ears 13 and thedistance of the cutting edges of theknives 7 from the axis of the fruit. For this purpose the arm 24 restsupon the upper-face of a cam ring 25, which ring is mounted to retateconcentric ally on the carriage 5. Each cam 25 is rotated on the axis ofthe carriage but at a different speed from the carriage, and we utilizethis different speed of rotation or relative movement of the cam andcarria to enable the cam to be utilized to contro the knife arms. In theresent in stance, we drive these cams slig "'tly faster than thecari'iages. In order to accomplish this, we provide each post 4' with agear wheel 26, which, in the present instance, has forty-two teeth, andthis gear wheel is rigid with a gear wheel 27 just above it (see Figure1), which, in the present instance, has

forty-three teeth. This upper gear wh eel 27 meshes with the gear teeth25' carried-on the edge of the cam ring 25.. In this way the cam ring isdriven at a slightly greater speed than the carriage.

The character of this cam is illustrated in Fi re 19. It is providedwith elevated faces an depressed faces which willbe described more indetail hereinafterfand which cause I the lever 24 to impart movement tothe stops 21 (see Fi re 6), thereby1 moving the' eelfrom the ruit,

toward or aw y I as may be necessary to facilitate the peelingoperation.

As the tables .3 and 4 rotate, the peeling knife shafts 9 are rotatedthrough the me dium of the beveled pinion 17 that meshes with the arwheel 28 (see Figure 1), which extends ownwardly froma cover plate 29that is mounted in an opening in the upper table 4. This cover plate hasa central open.-

' nism. In this connection it should be understood that the fixed gearwheel 28 is concentric with the axis of the sleeve 6, which, of

course, is the axis on which the carriage 5 rotates.

The machineis provided with guiding and holding means for the fruit thatengages the 'fruit and holds it with its axis substantially coincidingwith the axis of the peeling mechanism, thatis to say, the axis aroundwhich the peeling knives rotate: The machine also includes guiding andholding mechanism for the fruit located beyond the peeling mecha-1115111;

In the operation of the machine, after the fruit passes out of contactwith the upper or outer holding and guiding mechanism, it is held andguided by the second or lower guiding mechanism in such a way that theupper end of the fruit, that is to say, therear end a of the fruit withrespectto the direction of advance, is left exposed, so that the knivescan peel the end of the fruit. In the case of a pear, thiswould be theflower end.

and guiding means that receives the fruit and gludes it as itmovestowardthe peeling mechanism. For this purpose the upper faceof 1the cover plate 29 is provided withsuitable means, such as two brackets31 (see Figures disposed on opposite sides 0 1 and 2) "These bracketssupport guide jaws the fruit and these guide jaws" are connectedtogether in such a way that they maintain themselves equidistant fromthe axis of thefruit as they.

yieldingly separate to permit the fruit to pass them. In this way theyguide the. fruit,

' at the same time centering it with its axis on the axis of the peelingmechanism. This a guiding and centering means consists of two arms 32supported on horizontal pivots'33 carried, respectively, on the brackets31.

' Each arm '32 is rigid with a sector or gear.

segment 34, and these segments mesh together 7 so that whatever outwardor inward rotation nects them. These'arm's are extended down-'- other.As the me" s some downwardly of one arm takes place, this rotationwouldbe imparted to theopposite arm. The arms- 32 are constrained toswing-toward each other" by means of a coiled spring 35 that conwardlybelow their pivots 33? and each arm is formed into a jaw 36 with tworollers 37,

.the axes of whichdorm'an" angle with each between the jaws, it will beevident that these they do not extend far enough into the fruit to cutinto its core. In this way the body of the fruit is left sufiicientlyintact to hold it firmly while the peeling knives are peeling the lowerend of the fruit as it progresses downwardly below the lower edges ofthe impaling blades 38.

Thelower holding and guiding means for the fruit preferably includes aguide plate 41, which we call a center plate. This guide plate itlocated in a vertical plane coinciding substantially with the plane ofthe impaling blades 38, so that as the fruit descends, the upper edge ofthis blade has a felative moverollers will guide the fruit and maintainit in ment into thefruit along the axis'of the fruit.

I 'tool to penetrate the fruit from above;(see. W e will now describeour novel holding Figure 9), so that the lower end of the coring toolwill move into the center of the fruit where the seeds are located. Inorder to enable this plate 41 to be depressed at a certain stage in thepeeling operationso .as to depress the fruit to permit the upper end ofthe fruit to be accessible to the peeling knives, this-center plate issupported at 44* on a lever 44 (seeFigures4 and 9.). This lever ispivotally supported at one end on a bracket 45 attached tothe under sideof the lower table '3. In order to control-the operation of this leverautomatically, its 'free end is pivotally attached to a plunger 46 (seeFigure 5), which is guided to slide vertically through the lower table3. This plunger is normally held .ele-

vated by a coiled spring 47 thrusting against a collar 48 at its upperend. The free end of this lever is located hear the edge of the tableand is depressed automatically in the cycle :of operation of the machineby a toe 49 carried on a rock shaft 50 mounted on a bracket 51 andcarrying'a rigid arm 52 with a roller 53 on itsend. Asthe tables 3 'and4.rota-te, this cam roller rolls on a cam 54 (see Figure 3), and therebydepresses the lever. For thepurpose of adjustment, the

upper end of the plunger 46 is provid d it g? sleeve or mandrel 6.

an adjusting bolt against which the 49 thrusts. 7 4

, Cooperating with the center plate .41 to hold the fruit when its upperend is being peeled and when the coring tool is removing the core, werovide a pair of-presser mem-- bers 56- (see igure 7) mounted in each ofthe sleeves or tubular mandrels 6. Each of, these presser members has anelevated curved jaw, 57 to, engage the side of the fruit and the body01' the member is in the form of an upwardly extending how, the lowerend of each bowterminating in a. fork or arm 58 which is mounted on apivot 59 adjacent the lower end ofthe mandrel 6. This pivot pin issupported on a pin 60 secured in a lug 61 extending down from the lowerer id of the We provide means for urging the'presser members so astomove them in against the side of the fruit, and weprovide means forcontrolling the amount of inward movement that is permitted to them. Inthis way it should be understood the jaws will mot be pressed too firmlyagainst the sides of the fruit. In order to accom lish this, we providethe forks 58 at one si e with an inwardly projecting too 62. In Figure 4it will be seen that the toes from the opposite presser As indicated inmally pressed down by a plun er 63 mountmembers lie opposite to eachother and project toward the lane of the center plate41.

igure'7, each toe 62 is hored in a chamber 64 formed inrt e wall of thesleeve 6, and this plunger is pressed down by a coiled spring 65 whichthrusts at its upper end against a screw plug 66' mounted in the upperend of the bore. At a proper moment in the cycle of the machine; thesetoes are pressed upwardly to swing the presser members 56 on their pivotpins 59 and move their jaws 57 away from the center plate. In order' toaccomplish this, we proiride a rock lever 67 (see Figure '4). secured toa rock shaft 68 and thisvrock lever has two forks 69 which extendrespectively under the toes 62. The shaft 68 extends over to the outeredge of the lower table 3, at which point it is provided with a ri idarm 70 the end of which is provided wit an adjusting bolt 1 which isheld by the spring 65 against the underside ofa cam 72. This cam 72 hasa notch or depression 73' in its face which may come opposlte to the bolt or stud 71 tb permit an upward movement of the end of the arm 70 so asto permit a downward movement of the forks 69 which would permit thejaws 57 to approach the center plate. The cam 72 is mounted to'rock (seeFig.- 1) on a'pin 74 projecting outwardly from the side of the table .3and carries a short arm 75 with an outwardly projecting pin'76. This pin76,

. Iduring the rotation of the tables 3 and 4,

cam 77 I 06 engages a 7 (see Figure 3) to actuate upper end of the fruitand forces it down past the peeling mechanism. For this purpose werovide a vertically guided carriage 8 (see iglure 10) corresponding toeach peeling mec anism. This carriage is simply a slide which slides upand down on a guide 79 which is bolted to a spider 80 mounted on anextension 81 in the form of a hub that extends upwardly at the center ofthe u per table 4 (see Fi ure 1). This carriage 8 is counterbalance by acounterweight 82 attached to a cord 83 secured to the u per end of thecarriage and passing up an around at ulley 84 supported on a crown ring85 b0 ted to the uppe'rends or the'guides 79. Each carria e 78 carries acoring spindle or a stem 86 of tubular form which revolves in a tubularbushing 87. ,The corin tool is preferably of an ex ansible' type, tat-is to say, it is constructe so that it can pass into the fruit in anunexpanded condition and when the ti of the coring tool arrives at thecenter of the fruit, it is automatically expanded and rotatedso as to'core the fruit, whereupon it automatically becomes unexpanded again andthen withdraws from the ruit. .In this way the-corin tool removes,merely a sutlicient amount of t e body of the fruit to remove the core.In order to accomplish this, we rovide a collar 88 which is.

mounted to sli e on the coring stem 86, and

the -upper portion of this'collar is provided with two inclined grooves89. These grooves are diametrically opposite to each other, and

the cor- I .110 posits the pins 90 the wall, of the tubular stem is!provided with slots or openings 94 to permit the pins 90 to pass throughto enga'ge with times ots 89. v

In order to guide the lower-end of the bar 91, we provide thelower end-of the coring stem'86 with a diametrically-disposed pin 95 (see Figure10) and this pin passes throu h a corresponding opening96'in the bar. T0 connection between the pin 95 andthe opening 96 is a free one, so asto permit thebar to move from its normal central position at one sideover to its corin side, as indicated in Figure 10. a

In order to give the collar 88 this longitudinal movement in anupwarddirection to shift the up r end of the bar 91 laterally,-

we provide t e carriage 78 with a rock lever 97 (see Figure 10) havin'gaarm 98 position at the other" 7 extending upwardly, and this arm 98 isprovided with an adjusting screw 99, the point of which rests againstthe forward face of the slide 79. When the carriage descends during thecoring movement to move the coring tool into the center of the fruit,the tip of the adjusting screw 99 passesinto a cam recess 100 in theface of mits a coiled spring 101 to pull up on a stem 102 that isattached to the horizontal arm of the rock lever 97. This spring 101 islocated at the upper portion of the machine and thrusts against theupper side of a guide bracket 103, through which the upper end of thestem 102 extends. In other words, the

tip'of the adjusting screw 99 resting as it does.

normally against the forward face of the guide 79, holds the spring 101in a stateqof compression. When the collar 88 is in a more depressedposition on the stem 86, than that in which it is represented in Figure10,

and the adjusting screw 99 arrives at the dip or recess 100, the spring101 pulls the roc lever 97 u wardly, thereby elevating, the collar 88 anexpanding the coring tool. The

lower portion of the collar 88 has an annular i collar 106 (seeFigure)1) which enables the derstoodthat the coring tool 92 operates as apusher to push the fruit forwardly into the peeling mechanism withoutrotation while the peeling mechanism is removing the peel, and it isonly when "the coring operation is to take place that the coring toolpenetrates the fruit. We provide automatic means for rotating ,thecoring stem automatically 'as it penetrates. into the fruit. For thispurpose we provide an automatic clutch which rotates the slide'79, andthis perstem, and is normally held down by a coiled spring 112 againsta' shoulder 113 on the upper end of the stem. When the coring stem isdepressed, this cone 110 seats in the conical recess 109 and hasrotation imparted to it by the bushing 108 which is continuouslyrotated. In order 'to continuously rotate the bushings 108, the upperend of each bushing is formed with gear teeth 114;, so that its upperend constitutes a pinion and these pin,- ions mesh with alarge gear 115seating on the crown plate 107 and attached to the upper end of thecenter shaft 2.

The carriages 78 are automatically controlled in their up and downmovements in themanner described in our former applications,'that is tosay, each carriage is provided with a roller 116 which engages the lower7 high speed.

edge of an annular cam 117, which is'concentric with the axis of theshaft 2' and issecured to the main frame of the machine by means ofsuitable brackets 118. Inthe present instance thesebrackets arecastintegral with the cam.

The shaft 2 is driven continuousl through beveled gears 119' (see Figure1i one of which is carried on a horizontal shaft 120,

'whichfextends to the outside of the frame and carries a belt pulley 121driven by a belt 7 122. This drives the shaft 2 at a relatively In orderrelatively low speed, the lower table 3 is pro- .vided with a rigid wormgear 124: which thecoring stemonly when the carriage 78 is in its mostdepressed position. In order to 'accomplishthis, the upper end of theframe of'the machine is in theform of a crown-plate 107 having rotatablymounted bushings 108 through oneof these bushings.

in its edge, which correspond, to each stem. In other words, each.coring stem passes The upper end of the bushing is constructed so willoperate as I present instance, the upper end of each bush ing-108hasaconical recess109 in its upper side to enable it to cooperate with aconical clutch member carried on the stem nor- .mally in a positionelevated somewhat above the bushing.

The collar 110 is connected by a spline connection 111 with the upperend of the that it" a clutch member. In thei'this gu the edge enable theoperator to sever meshes with a worm'124 carried on a worm to drive thetables 3 and 4 at a loo shaft '125. This worm shaft carries a gear--wheel. 126 at one end that meshes with the gear wheel-4127 carried onthe pulley. shaft 120, already referred to.. V p

In Figures 2 and 20, we illustrate a severing device for cutting off thestem end of the fruit before placing 1t in the machine. device includesa shaft 128 which may be driven .at ahigh speed through a belt 129driven from the belt shaft 120. This shaft 128 is mounted in a bracket130 secured on the frame at an elevated position, so as to be withinnvenient reach of the operator.

The shaft-128' carries .a rotary knife 131in the form'of a disc,-.th eedge of which pro- This jects through an opening at the side of theknife housing 132. Opposite this opening 'a guide arm 1:33 is pivotallymounted at 134 on'theend of a fixed bracket arm 135. The upper end ofthis arm has a socket 136 in which the stem end of the fruit can beinserted. A coiled spring 137 normally holds position; By pressing .thefruit into. the socket,the arm will-swing inwardly and the endof thefruit without danger to himself from the cutter disc.

ide arm 133 in its extreme outermost guide the end of the fruit intocontact with of the cutter disc 131. This will In Figure 15, weillustratethe preferred form of the lower end of the cutter tool proper92. The lower end of this cutter is preferably ex anded to produce apusher foot 138, and t is foot is provided with a laterally projectingcoring knife 139 which is preferably in the form of a hooked blade avinga curved cutting edge 140 on its lower side. It should be understoodthat in Figure 15 the view shows this tool in magnified size.

In Figures 12, 13 and 14, we illustrate another embodiment of the corintool stem, which involves the use of a di erent' combination ororganization of parts for controlling the expansion of the coring tool.In other res ects, the o ration of the coring tool is i entical wit thecoring tool already described. As illustrated in these figures, weprovide a coring stem 141, which is of tubular form and mounted so thatit ing tool is in the form 0 tion 0 axis of the coring stem and therebyretract a M1 ithin the sleeve 149 a longitudina is capable ofvrotation'in the carriage 142. The lower end of this coring stem 141 iscut away so as to form two forks 143 with a throat between them, inwhich the upper end of the coring tool 144 is mounted to rock on a crosspin 145. The up or end of the cori a block (see Figure 12) with a slot146 in its upper edge .147. This transverse edge 147 normally receivesthe thrust of a presser head 148, which has an integral sleeve 149extending up into the lower end of the corin stern 141 and urgeddownwardl by a coi ed spring 150.- The action of -t e spring 150 is tohold the coryieldmgly in a plumb osition.

lly movable controllin stem 151 is provided, the upper end of w ichis-provided with a cross pin 152 which can move up and down indiametrically opposite slots 153 in the wall of the stem 141.

The controlling stem 151 is normally held elevated by a coiled spring154. The lower end of the controlling stem 151 has a tapered ,tip withan inclined cam edge 155 that is caable of passing down intothe slot146. on the carria e 142 has descended to bring the end of t e coringtool to the center of the fruit, th controllin stem 151 is forceddownwardly means 0 a collar 156 that carries the ends of the pin 152.This collar is forced downwardly by means of a bell crank lever157similar to the bell crank lever already described; The 'bell crank lever157 has a pair of forks 158 (see Figure 13) which engage the upper sideof the collar at diametrically opposite oints.

These forks, however, 0 not engage directly with the collar 156 butpress down-against a cam' washer or collar 159 which is rotatablymounted on the coring stem 141 and seats on the upper face of the collar156. The functhis collar 159 is to rotate on the the controlli'n stem151 just before the coring tool with raws from the fruit. In oth-' erwords, the movement ofthis cam collar 159 permits the coring tool toresume its unexpanded condition while in the fruit just before itwithdraws. This cam collarjl59 is normally held in a predeterminedposition by a coiled spring 160, one end of which is secured tothecarriage 142 and the other end of which is attached to a radial arm161 projecting from the cam collar.

A circumferential slot 162 cooperatingwith a small screw 163 in theupper face of the collar 156 limits the movement of this cam collarunder the action of the spring 160.

vof the arrow past the trigger 165. In this connection, it should beunderstood that when the short arm 164 strikes the trigger 165, a smallamount of clockwise rotation is imparted to the cam collar 159. Thiswill move an elevated part of the cam located at the point 167 underits\corres onding fork At this point there would be a depression whichwould permit an upward movement of the collar 156. iThis. movement willbe suflicient to enable the pusher collar 148 to return the coring toolto its plumb positien but thrusting against its upper end face 14 4 Weshall now describe more in detail the preferred construction of thecenter plate 41.

This plate is illustrated in detail in Figures- .line with the axis ofthe peeling mechanism,

that is to say, this bottom edge 169 is at a point on the line ofprogress of the fruit that For this purpose the cam col-.

i In the operation of the machine, the cam colwould. lie on the axis ofthe fruit when the fruit 170, indicated in Fi re 9, is passingdownwardly through the s eeve 6.

The edge 168 of this plate is sharpened to a cutting edge and the plateis preferably provided with corrugations 171 extending vertically on theplate. This plate is provided with means for engaging the fruit to pullit downwardly when the plate 41 is dey pressed in'the manner referred toabove. In

order .to attain the effect of projections on the face of the plate forthis purpose, we provide the plate with transverse grooves 172alternately 'on opposite sides of the plate, which grooves cut into thewaves or corrushoulders at the upper edges of the grooves.

The bottoms of the grooves are inclined faces 173. With thisconstruction it will be evident that the sides of the corrugations willpresent abrupt shoulders which will tend to pull thefruit downwardlywhen the plate 41 is depressed. In'this operation the presser members 56cooperate by pressing the halves of the fruit against the sides of theplate.

. Referring again to the cam ring 25 which is/showh in developed form inFigure 19, it will be noted that the cam has-an elevated face 174', thefunction of which is to hold the cutter arms '10 widely separated fromeach other at the time that the fruit is being cored. In other words,this part of the cam swings the peeler arms 10 apart, so as to permitthe coring tool to pass down through thegap 40 and into the U-shapednotch formed in'the edge 168. k

The depressed face 175' of thiscam permits the peeling knivesto approachvery near each other as they must do in peeling the flower end of thepear. 1 In this connection it should be understood that the direction ofmovement of the lever 24 relative to the cam is indicated by'the arrowin Figure 19, as the last peeling operation is the peeling of the flowerend after which the coring takes place. The'elevated cam face 176 is notalways in contact with the lever 24. When the lever is passing over thisportion of the cam, the peeling knives will be forced outwardly by] thecheek of the fruit. In

other words, the cutters can swing outwardly in an unrestricted mannerunder the action of the pressure of the fruit, but they are limited intheir inward movement at all times by the stop bolts 21 (see Figure 6),controlled by the-cam.

' The coring tool 92 (see Figure 10) has an inclined knife portion 92athat operates to cut out the flower of the fruitwhen the end 'of thecoring tool is removing the core of the fruit. A

In he mode of :operation of the'manchine the small end of .thefruit isintroduced into the space between the guide jaws 36 (see 117 operates todepress the carfiage 78 and movethe stem 86 downwardly. In thismovement'of the stem 86 the foot 138 off the coring tool 92 operates asa pusher. As it pushes. the fruit ,down, the iaws 36 yieldingly moveoutwardly extnding the spr ng 35, but maintainthemselvesequidistant fromthe axis of the fruit. This keeps the axis of the fruit in alignmentwith the peeling mechanism. As the 'fruit descends, its opposite sidesare cut into by the impaling blades 38 which project from opposite sdes'of the cover plate 29.- (See Figure 1,) These impaling blades .holdthe fruit againstrotationas it is moved Figure with the axis of thefruit vertical,- As the tables 3 and 4 rotate, the mainfcamdownwardlythrough the opening 36' of the cover plate, As the lower end of thefruit comes into the plane of rotation of the knives As the fruit movesdownwardly its lower end is engaged on its axis by the center plate 41which is \located on'the axis of the fruit.

The fruit is shoved downwardly by the pusher to such an extent that itsflower end is located about in the planeof rotation of the knives 7;then the pusher withdraws and the knives finish thepeelin of the flowerend.

As the knives peel the ower end, the fruit is still held intact by itscoref The fruit descends slightly at this time by reason of "a slightdownward movement of the corrugated cutter plate 41.. The notches 172assist in pulling the fruit down After the flower end is eeled the jaws57 move in to grasp the frult while it is being cored. This movement ispermitted by a rocking movement of the. rock shaft 68 actuated .by thearm 70 (see Figure. 3) controlled by cam 7 5 and pin 76 cooperating withcam 77 gsee Figure 3). The rocking ofthe rock'sha t 68 rocks the toes.01 forks 69 downwardly (see Figure 7) andthispermits thesprin 65to'act. After the jaws 57 have been move inwardly against the fruit toclamp its sides and press them against the sides of the center plate 41,the centerplate is moved downwardl This is accom lished by thedepression 0 the plunger 46 see Figure 3). g

Just before the knives move into peel the flo'wer end, the stem 86 iswithdrawn by the .main cam 117 After the flower end of the fruit hasbeencompletel peeled, the cam 25- operates to separate the kn agency of thearm 24 (see Figure 6) and the arm 22 and adjustable stop 21. This is toenable the coring tool to descend for the coring operation. The downwardmovement of the coring tool for this purpose is, of course, produced'bythe main cam 117 co-operating with the carriage 78. In the downwardmovement of the coring'tool, the fruit is held fixed by pressure of thejaws 57 which hold 'it'against the center platel. As the cofing stem 86descends it. Pushes the. coring tool down into the fruit through theflower end 1ves7 through the 'lCO (see Figure 9) and near the end ofthe.d0wn- -wardmovement the cone clutch composed of the members 109and-110 (see Figure 10) causes a rotation of thecoring stem 86. However,just as this rotation takes place, the carriage will have descendedtosfuch an extent ,that the end of the ad'usting screw 99 will haveentered the depression '100. This will enable the spring 101(seeFigure 1) to pull u r the coil completely remove the core.

. the man;

that as it withdraws it does not remove any more of the body of thefruitthan is necessar to effect the corin v p the coring tool descends,it passes into the deep notch or re-entrant angle 168 formed in theuppercedge of the plate 41, as indicated It 1s understood that theembodiment of the invention described herein is only one of embodimentsthis invention may take, an we do not wish to be limited in the practiceof theinvention, nor in the claims, to the particular embodiment setforth.

While we have described the'notch at 169 as being of U-shape, it isobvious that if desired this notch can be of V-shape. The U- shape,however, is advantageous because it enables the center plate 41 toextend in closely to the heart of the fruit being cored.

What we claim is:

1. In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of holding and guidingmeans for the fruit, peeling mechanism, means for advancing the fruitpast the peeling mechanism, a stem having an expansible coring cutter,means forrelatively advancing the stem longitudinally to bring thecoring cutter 'sub- 7 stantially to the center of the fruit, and meansfor rotating the coring'cutter and for controlling the holding andguiding means to hold the fruit while the coring cutter is in operation,and automatic means for expanding the coring cutter after it haspenetrated the fruit.

2 In a fruit peeling machine, the combi nation of a coring stem,means-for advancin the coring stem'along its own longitudina axis, meansfor holding the fruit with its axis substantially coinciding with thelongitudinal'axis of said stem, said coring stem having a coring cutterat its forward end to penetrate to the center of the fruit, means itsfor rotating the-corin stem on its lon 'tudi nalaxis, and means orexpanding t e coring cutter to enlarge the cavity produced'by the sameat the center of the fruit. v r

3. Ina fruit peeling machine, thewombination of a coring stem, means foradvancing the same longitudinally on its own'axis, a guide plate for thefruit disposed substantially in the plane ofthe saidaxis, means forrelatively advancing theifruit along the said axis so thatqthesald i'deplate penetrates the fruit on its long tudinal axis, pressers roduce anen- 4. In a machine of the kind described, the

combination of a center plate having a substantially U-shaped notch inone edge, means for relatively advancing the fruit and holding the sameso thatthe center plate enters the fruit on the axis of the fruit withthe vertex of the saidU-notch disposed substantially on the axis of thefruit, a coring stem with means for guiding and relatively advancing thesame along the axis of the fruit and substantially in the plane of saidcenter plate, anda coring cutter carried by the coring stem. 1

5. In a machine of the kind described, the combination of a center platehaving a substantially U-shaped notch in its edge, means for relativelyadvancing the fruit and holding the same so that its longitudinal axissubstantially coincides with the vertex of the U- shaped notch and withthe plane of said center plate so that the center plate enters the fruitin the plane of the axis of the fruit, a coring stem locatedsubstantially in the plane of the center plate and in line with thevertex of the said U-shaped notch, a coring cutter carried by the stem,means for relatively advancin the stem to project the coring cut terinto t e fruit, means for rotating the stem to core the fruit, andholding means located on opposite sides of the center plate for holdingthe fruit against the same.

6. In a machine of the kind described, the

combination of a center plate havingl a substantially U-shaped notch inits edge, olding means on each slde the plate for holding the fruit onthe plate, with the. plate located substantially'on the axis of thefruit, a coring stem located substantially in the plane of the centerplate and in line with the vertex of said U-shaped notch, a coringcutter having a joint connecting the same with the stem,

means for'advancing the stem on its longitudinal axis to move the corincutter into the fruit, means for rotating t e stem, and meanscooperating with the said joint for controlling the position of thecoring cutter to enlarge the cavity cutter at the center 0 the fruit.

7. In a\fruit peeling machine, the combination of a plate having a gap mits edge, means for supporting the fruit and giving produced by thecaring the same and said platea relative movement to position the fruiton the plate with the plate substantially coinciding with the axis .ofthe fruit, a. coring tool, and means for advancing the came into thefruit along the axis of the 'same so that the coring tool passes intothe said gap to core the fruit. I

8. In a fruit peeling machine, the

l in the plane of said plate and extending into said'gap, a stem withmeans-for guiding the bination of a plate having a gap in its edge,

means for supporting the fruit and for giving the same and said plate arelative movement to position the fruit on the plate with the platesubstantially coinciding with the axis of the fruit, a coring tool andmeans for advancing the same into the fruit along the axis of the sameso that the'coring' tool passes into the saidgap to core the fruit, andmeans means for supporting and guiding the fruit means for supportingthe fruit and for givment and for fruit.

with its axis located on a line substantially same tomove'longitudinally along said line and toward said plate, a coring"tool carried by the stem constructed to engage the fruit and push thesame forward, presser means for cooperating with the plate 'to press thesides of the fruit, and actuating means for the stem operating first topush the fruit onto the plate Without entering the fruit, and operatingthereafter to advance the coring tool into the fruit while'it is held bythe said presservmeans.

10. In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of a plate having a gapin its edge,

ing the same and said plate a relative movement to position the fruit onthe plate with the plate substantially coinciding with the axis of thefruit, a coring tool and means for advancingthe same into the fruitalongthe axis of the same so that the coring tool passes into the said ga tocore the fruit, means for pressing the si es of the fruit against thesides of the plate,'said coring tool being expansible, and mounted onthe stemso that it 1 is capable of a lateral movement with re-.. spectto the axis of the st/em,-and means for giving the coring tool'saidlatralfmoverotating the stem to core the 11% In a fruit ,peelingmachine, the ,com; bination'of aframe, a plate supported on said frame,means for supporting and guiding the fruit with its axis located ona'line sub-'- stantiallly in the plane of said plate, a car-- riageguided on said frame to 150% toward to engage the fruit to push the sameforward, a presser means to cooperate with the plate to press the sidesof the frpit to hold the same on" "the plate and means for movingthecarriage toward theplate to enable the coring tool-to push the fruitonto the plate and thereafter 'operating7to advane the carriage with 'afurther movementto cause the coring tool to cooperate 'with the pressuremeans so as to penetrate the fruit and core the same. a 12. In a fruitpeeling machine, the combinationof a frame, a platesupported on saidframe, means for supporting and guiding the fruit with its axis locatedon a line substantially in the plane of said plate, a carriage guided onsaid frame to, move toward and from thesaid plate, a stem rotatablymounted on the carriage with its axis located substantially in the planeof said. plate, a coring-tool carried by the stem constructedto engagethe fruit to push the same forward, presser means to cooperate with theplate to press the sides of the fruit to hold the same on the plate, andmeans for, movin the carriage toward the plate to enable t e coring toolto push the fruit onto the plate and thereafter operating to advance thecarriage with a further movement to cause the coring tool to cooperatewith the pressure means so as to penetrate the fruit and core the same,said coring tool being expansible, and automatic means "forexpandlng'the coring tool after it has penetrated the fruit.

13. In a fruit peeling machine, the'combination of a frame, a p a frame,means for supporting and guiding the fruit with its axis located on aline substantially in the plane of said plate, a carriage guided onsaid-frame to move toward and fromthe said-plate, a stem rotatablymounted on the carriage with its axis located substantially in the planeof said plate, a coringtool carried by the stem ponstructed to engagethe fruit to push the same forward, presser means to cooperate with theplate to press the sides of the fruit to hold the same on theplate'andmeans for moving the carriage toward the plate to enable thecorin tool to push the fruit onto the plate an (e-supported on said ithereafter operating to advance the carriage with .a further movement tocause the coring tool'to cooperate with the pressure'means so as topenetrate the fruit and core the same, and automatic means for rotatingthe stem while the coring tool is within the fruit."

' 14, In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of a frame,peehngmechanismmeans for supporting and guiding the fruit along a lineextending holdin' means beyon past the peeling mechanism, v or holdingthe fruit located the peelipg mechanism, a carriage guided on the; frameto move substantially.

along the said line, a stem mounted on the carriage with its axislocated substantially on said line, a coring tool carried on said stem,means for "moving the stem along its axis to push the fruit intoengagement with said holding means; and for giving. the stem and coringtool a further advancing movement after the fruit is held vby theholding means to cause the coring tool to penetrate the fruit,

and 'means for rotating thestem to core the 1 fruit.

15. In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of a frame, peelingmechanism, means for supporting and guiding the fruit along a lineextending past the peeling mechanism, holdin means for holding the fruitlocated beyond the peeling mechanism, a carriage guided on the frame to-move substantially along the said line, a stem mounted on the carriagewith its axis located substantially on said line, a corin tool carriedon said stem, means for moving the stem along its axis to push the fruitinto enga ement with said holding means, and for giving the stem andcoring tool a further advancin movement after the fruit is held by theImlding means to cause the coring tool to penetrate the fruit, and meansfor rotating the stem to a core the fruit, said coring tool beingexpansible, an actuator mounted on the carriage for expanding the coringtool, and relatively fixed means on the frame for operating the actuatorto expand the coring tool when it has penetrated the fruit.

16. In a'fruit peeling machine, the combination of a frame, peelingmechanism, means for supporting 'and guidin the fruit along a lineextending past the pee ing mechanism, rholdin means for holdingthe fruitlocated be om? the peeling mechanism, a carriage gui ed on the frame tomove substantially along the said line, a stem mounted on the carriagewith its axis located substan tially on said line, a coring tool carriedon said stem, means for moving the stem along the axis to ush the fruitinto engagement with said ho ding means, and for giving the stem andcoring tool a further advancingmovement after the fruit is held by theholding means to cause the coring tool to penetrate the-fruit, and meansfor rotating the stem to core the fruit, said corin tool having apivotal connection with sai stem and capable of moving on said pivotalconnection to expand the coring tool, and automatic means operating whenthe carriage descends when the coring tool penetratesthe fruit, to swingthe coring tool laterally and rotate the same to core the fruit.

17. In a fruit peeling machine, the com bination of a frame, peelingmechanism, means for supporting and guiding the fruit along a lineextending past the peeling mechanism, holding means for holding thefruit located be 0nd the peeling mechanism, a carriage gui ed on theframe to move substantially along the said line, a stem mounted on thecarriage with its axis located substantially on said line, a coring toolcarried on said stem, means for moving the stem along the axis to pushthe fruit into engagement with said holding means. and for giving thestem and coring tool a further advancing movement after the fruit isheld by the holding means to cause the coring tool to penetrate thefruit, and means for rotating the stem to core the fruit, said coringtool being expansible and having a laterally movable blade supported onthe stem, an actuating rocker for expanding the coring tool mounted onthe carriage, automatic means for actuating the rocker as the carriagedescends when the coring tool has penetrated the fruit, means actuatedby the rocker for moving the coring tool to expand it, and means forrotating I the stem to core the fruit.

the same, and means for rotating t e coring' tool to core the fruit.

19. In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of a frame, a coringstem, a carriage supporting the stem and guided to slide on the frame soas to move the stem to and fro longitudinally along a line passingthrough the axis of the stem, means for supporting the fruit in asubstantially fixed position with its axis located on said line, acollar slidably mounted on the stem, an expansible coring tool carriedon the stem, means for moving the carriage toward the fruit to cause thecoring tool to penetrate the same, means for moving the collar on thestem, said coring tool and said collarhaving a connection operating toexpand the coring tool when the collar is moved, and means for rotatingthe coring tool to core the fruit.

20. In a fruit peeling machine, the combination ofa frame, a coringstem, a carriage supporting the stem and guided to slide on the frame soas to move the stem to and fro longitudinall along a line passingthrough the axis of t e stem, means for supporting the fruit in asubstantially fixed position with its axis located on said line, acoring tool movably mounted on the stem and ca able of swinginglaterally at its lower en a collar mounted to slide on the stem, saidcollar and said coring tool having a connection operating to swing thecoring tool to expand it when the collar is moved, means for moving thecarriage toward the fruit to cause the coring tool to penetrate thesame, and means for actuating the coring tool to core the fruit.

21. In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of a frame, a coringstem, a carriage supporting the stem and guided to slide on the frameso'as to move the stem to and fro longitudinally along a line passingthrough the axis of the stem, means for sup- III) to slide on the stemand having a pair of inclined slots at diametrically opposite points,pins on said coring tool engaging the slots so that when the collar isshifted on thestem, the coring tool will swing on its pivot, means fornormally holding the collar in a position to hold-the coring tool in itsunexpanded position, means for moving the carriage toward the fruit tocause the coring tool to penetrate the same, and automatic means formoving the collar to expand the coring-tool.

.22. In a fruit peeling machine, the combinationof aframe, a coringstem, a carriage supporting the stem and guided to slide on the frame soas to movethe stem to and fro longitudinally along a line passingthrough the axis of the stem, means for supporting the fruit in asubstantially fixed position with its axis located on said line, anexpansible coring tool in the form of a bar pivotally mounted on thestem, extending longitudi-' nally with the'stem and having pinsproject'- ing laterally from it above its pivotal connection, a collarmounted to slide on the stem and having inclined slots engaging the saidpins so that when the collar is moved along the stem the lower end ofthe coring tool "will be swung laterally to expand the tool,

means for moving the carriage toward the fruit to cause the coringtoolto penetrate the same, a rocker mounted on the carriage andconnected with the collar to move the same longitudinally on the stem,andarelatively fixed cam operating when the carriage is moved forward toshove the coring tool into the fruit, to movethe rocker and thereby ex-'Pand the coring tool;

23. In a fruit peeling machine, the combinationof a frame, a coringstem, a carriage supporting the'stem and guided to slide on the frame soas to move the stem to and fro longitudinally along a line passingthroughthe axis of the stem, meansfor supporting the fruit in asubstantially fixed position with its axis located on said line, anexpansible coring tool in therform of, a bar ivotally mounted on thestem, extending ongi' tudin ally with the stem and having pinsprojecting laterally-from it above its pivotal connection, a collarmounted to slide on the stem and having inclined slots engaging the saidpins so that when the collar is moved along the stem the lower end ofthe coring tool will be swung laterally to expand the tool, means formoving-the carriage toward the fruit to cause the coring tool topenetrate thesame, a rocker mounted on the carriage and connected withthe collar to move the same longitudinally :on-thestem, and a relativelyfixed cam voperating when the carriage is moved forward to shove'thecoring tool into the, fruit, to move the rocker and thereby expand thecoring tool, and automatic means for rotating the said stem.

24. In a fruit peeling machine, the combinatlon of peeling-mechanism,pusher means for engaging and advancing the fruit along a line extendingtoward the peeling mechanism, guide-jaws for guiding the fruit as itadvances, disposed on opposite sides of said line of advance of thefruit, resilient means for pressing the guide-jaws against the side ofthe fruit, and guiding it as it advances past the jaws, and meansconnecting the guide-jaws for maintaining them equidistant from the saidline, to maintain the fruit in line with said pusher means, and centeredon said line as it advances.

25. Ina fruit peeling machine, the combination of peeling-mechanism,pusher means for engaging and advancing the fruit along a line extendingtoward the peeling-mechanism, pivotally v mounted guide-jaws for guidingthe fruit as it advances, disposed on opposite sides of said line ofadvance of the fruit, resilient means for pressing the guidejaws againstthe side of the fruit and enabl ing the jaws tomove' outward as thefruit advances past them, and means connecting the guide-jaws formaintaining them equidistant from the said line, to maintain the fruitin line with said pusher means, and centhem against-the side of thefruit as the fruit advances past the jaws, and means connecting theguide-j aws for maintaining them equlcom distant from the said line, tomaintain the a fruit in line with said pusher means, and centered onsaid line. as it advances.

27. In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of peeling-mechanism,pusher means for engaging and advancing the fruit along a line extendingtoward the peelingmechanism a pair of guide-j aws for engaging andguiding the fruit as it is advanced by the pusher means, said aws havingarms for supporting the .same, means for supporting said arms to rotateon relatively fixed axes to enable the jaws to swing toward or .fromeach other, resilient means for yieldingly pressing theguide-jawsagainstthe side of the fruit, and means connectingthe jaws formaintaining them equidistant from the said line, to enable the guidejaws'to maintain the fruit in line with said pusher n means, andcentered on said line'as it advances past the jaws.

28. In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of peeling-mechanism,pusher means for engaging and advancing the fruit along a .lineextending toward the peeling-mechanism, guide jaws for engaging andguiding the fruit as it is advanced by said pusher means, said jawshaving supporting arms, means for mounting said supporting arms torotate on relatively fixed pivotal axes to em I able the guide-jaws toswing toward or from each other to engage the side of the fruitsyieldingly as the fruit advances past the jaws, a spring for drawing theguide-jaws toward each other to hold the same against the side of thefruit, and segments carried on said arms respectively meshing togetherto maintain the jaws equidistant from the said line, and operating tomaintain the fruit in line with said pusher means, and centered on saidline as it advances past the aws.

29. In a fruit peeling machine for peeling elongated fruit, thecombination of peeling mechanism, means for advancing the fruit along aline extending past the peeling mechanism, guiding and holding means forengaging the fruit to guide the same along the said line when passingtoward the peeling mechanism, guiding and holding means for engaging andholding the fruit located beyond the peeling mechanism, and cooperatingwith the peeling mechanism to peel the upper end of the fruit.

30. In a fruit peeling machine for peeling elongated fruit, thecombination of peeling mechanism, means for advancing the fruit along aline extending past the peeling mechanism, guiding and holding means forengaging the fruit to guide the same along the said line when passingtoward the peeling mechanism, guidin and holding means for engaging andholding the fruit located beyond the peeling mechanism, and means fordepressing the last named guiding and holding means at the end of thepeeling operation to enable the peeling mechanism to peel the upper endof the fruit.

31. In a fruit peeling machine for peeling elongated fruit, thecombination of peeling mechanism, a movable stem for advancing the fruitalong a line extending past the peeling mechanism guiding and holdingmeans for engaging the fruit to guide the same along the said line,guiding and holding means beyond the peeling mechanism for engaging andholding the fruit, means for advancing the stem to move the fruit pastthe peeling mechanism and operating to withdraw after p the fruit is incontact with the last named guiding'and holding means, and means fordepressing the last named guiding and holding means to permit thepeeling mechanism to peel the upper end of the fruit.

32. Inairmt peeling machine for peeling pears and the like, thecombination of peeling mechanism, a stem for advancing the fruit along aline extending past the peeling mechanism, upper guiding and holdingmeans for en aging the fruit to guide the same along t e said line andcooperating with the peeling mechanism to peel the lower portion of thefruit, lower guiding and holding means for engaging and holding thelower portion of the fruit, means for advancing'the stem, andwithdrawing the same after the lower portion of the fruit has beenpeeled, and means for depressing the lower guiding and holding meansthereafter to permit the peeling mechanism to peel the upper end of thefruit.

33. In a fruit peeling machine for peeling .elongated fruit, thecombination of peeling mechanism, a movable stem for advancing the fruitalong a line extending past the peeling mechanism, upper guiding andholding means for engaging the fruit to guide the same along the saidline as the fruit passes into position to be peeled and cooperating withthe peelin mechanism to peel the lower portion of the ruit, lowerguiding and holding means for engaging and holding the lower portion ofthe fruit, actuating means for said stem for advancing the same toadvance the fruit and operating while the fruit is held by the lowerguiding and holding means to advance into the fruit to core the same andwithdraw thereafter, and means for actuating the lowerguiding andholding means thereafter to depress the fruit and permit the peelingmechanism to peel the upper end of the fruit.

34. In a fruit peeling machine for peeling pears and the like, thecombination of eeling mechanism, a stem for engaging the ruit to advancethe same along an axial line extending past the peeling mechanism, acoring tool carried by said stem, upper guiding and holding means forengaging the fruit to guide the same along the said axial line andcooperating with the peeling mechanism to ,el the lower portion of thefruit, lower gui ing and holding means including a central plate locatedon the said line having means on its faces for engaging the fruit andpressure jaws for pressing the sides of the fruit against the saidplate, actuating means for said stem operatingto advance the stem intothe fruit, means for rotating the stem to core the fruit, and means fordepressing the said plate thereafter to permit the peeling mechanism topeel the upper end of the fruit.

35. In a fruit peeling machine for peeling ears and the like,.thecombination of peeling mechanism, a stem for engaging the fruit toadvance the same along an axial line extending past'the peelingmechanism, a' coring tool carried by said stem, upper guiding andholding means for engaging the fruit to guide the same along the saidaxial line and .cooperating with the peeling mechanism to peel the lowerortion of the fruit, lower guiding and hol ing means including a centralplate located on the said line having means on its faces for engagingthefruit and ressure jaws for pressing the sides of the ruit against thesaid plate, actuating means for said stem operatin to advance the steminto the fruit, means orrotating the stem to core the fruit, and meansfor depressing the said plate thereafter to permit the peeling mechanismto peel the upper end of the fruit, means for pivotally supporting thepresser jaws, and automatic means for controlling the position of thesame.

36. In a fruit peeling machine for peeling pears and the like, thecombination of peeling mechanism, a stemjor engaging the fruit toadvance the same along an axial line extend- 2o ing past the peelingmechanism, a corin tool carried by said stem, upper guiding and oldingmeans for engaging the fruit to guide the same along the said axial lineand co0p-' erating with the peeling mechanism to peel the lower'portionof the fruit, lower guiding and holding means including a central platelocated on the said line havin means on its faces for engaging the fruitan pressure jaws for pressing the sides of the fruit against- 80 thesaid plate, actuating means for said stem operating to advance the steminto the fruit, means for rotating the stem to corethe fruit, and meansfor depressing thesaid plate thereafter to permit the peeling mechanismto peel the upper end of the fruit, means for pivotally supporting saidpresser jaws, resilient means for urging said presser jawstoward thesaid plate, and automatic means coopcrating with the resilient means tocontrol the movements of the presser jaws toward or from the said plate.v

37. In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of rotarypeelingmechanism, means for advancing the fruit along a line coinciding withthe axis ofthe fruit and with the axis of the peeling mechanism, glidingand holding. means beyond the pee g mechanism including a center platelocated on the said line so as to engage the fruit at its axis as thefruitlpasses, said holding means ineluding a pair of presserjawslocated'on oppositesides of the center-plate for presslng the fruitagainst the center plate, means for guiding the center -plate to move,along the said line, and automatic means ,for depressing 'the centerplate to depress the fruit andpermit the peeling mechamsm to remove thepeel at the upper end of the fruit. 1 i v 38. In a fruit peeling machinefor peeling pears and the like, the combinationof a relatively fixedcylindrical sleeve disposed with its longitudinal axis in a verticalposition, rotary peeling mechanism di posed above the sleeve, upperguiding and-holding means for as guiding -t e fruit down along the saidaxis,

means for moving the fruit down past the for engaging the fruit, guidedto m ve vertically in thesleeve andpresser ja s on opposite sides of thecenter plate for clamping the sides of the fruit, against the-same, anautomatic means for depressing the center plate to hold the fruit in adepressed position to permit the peeling mechanism to peel the upper endof the fruit.

39. In a fruit peeling machine for peeling elongated fruit, thecombination of peeling, mechanism, guiding and holding means for thefruit beyond the peeling mechanism in cluding a center plate forengaging the fruit ,and presser jaws at the sides of the same, a

pusher forengaging the end of the fruit to move the same past thepeeling mechanism, 1

and on to said centering plate with the axis of the fruit coincidingwith the plane of the plate, means for controlling the movements of thepusher, operating to withdraw/the same, and means for depressing theplateto enable the peeling mechanlsmto peel the upper end of the fruitafter the pusher has withdrawn.

40; In a fruit peeling machine, the combination of peeling mechanism,means for advancingthe fruit along a line past the peeling mechanism, acenter plate located on the said line beyond the'peeling mechanismopcrating to pass through the fruit on the axis of the fruit and havingmeans for engaging the fruit, means for guiding the center plate to moveup and down,'-and automatic means for lowering the center plate todepress thew fruit to enablethe peeling mechanism to peel the upper endof the fruit.

41. In a fruit peeling machine, the com- "bination of peeling mechanism,meansfor moving'the fruit along aline extendingpast the peelingmechanism, acenter plate located on the'said line, so as to lie on theaxis of the fruit as the fruit passes it, said center platehavingprojections on its side faces for. en gaging the fruit and enabling thecenter plate when moved, to move the fruit with it in the direction inwhich the fruit passes along said line.

bination of a rotary carriage, means for supporting the fruit on: thecarriage, peeling knives mounted on the carriage, and a cam 42. In afruit peeling machine, the com-

